Agriculture is the province's main source of industry. Coconut is their primary crops along with cacao, tobacco, rootcrops, rice and corn. People near the coast are also engaged in the fishing business. They also busied themselves with local handicrafts made from abaca, buri, pineapple fiber and coconut husks.  

Eastern Samarenos are very religious and devoted to their religion. The Padul-ong Festival is celebrated in the town of Borongan in honor of their patron saint and the feast of Our Lady of Nativity. This is a major religious ordinance performed by the townspeople. 

Numerous historical and natural attractions abound the island. In the fishing town of Guiuan, a 16th century Immaculate Concepcion church is maintained with its hand carved altars and doors and old “santos” (statues of saints). Sapao Beach has beautiful white sand and shells of different variations and colors. The Kantican Island is rich in marine life, a white coral beach with cultured pearl farm.